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Summary Page - Physical & Chemical Processes
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1 - COLUMN CONTACTORS
Packed Column
In this type of equipment, the contact between the gas and the washing liquid is enhanced by the trickling of the washing liquid through the column packing. Different packing materials can be used: Pall rings, Berl saddles, Tellerettes.
The increased contact time of the air with the washing liquid explains the high yields guaranteed by this process, and allows the elimination of pollutants by physical absorption or by chemical reactions, even when there are slow kinetics.
This technique is however not recommended in the case of dusty gases, as a build up of solid particles can clog the column.
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Plate Column
In this case, the transfer of the pollutant load is achieved by the percolation of the gas through the liquid resting on each plate. The plates are either fitted with bubble caps or perforated to allow the gas to flow.
The consequence of this type of process is a relatively high charge loss (~80mm WG per plate). However, the flow of washing liquid required is quite small.
Plate columns are efficient dedusters. It is therefore possible to treat simultaneously gaseous compounds and dust in this type of cloumn.
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2 - VENTURI CONTACTORS
Jet Venturi (or motor liquid)
The gas is sucked into the Venturi through the movement of a high-pressure liquid jet. This causes intimate mixing of the two phases at the Venturi neck.
The short gas / liquid contact time means that this scrubber is recommended for the purification of heavily loaded gases, for wet dedusting or for a rapid heat transfer (cooling of hot gases, highly exothermic reactions).
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High Energy Venturi (or motor)
This equipment uses the energy of the gas which is propelled to a very high speed to atomise a liquid film, injected at the Venturi neck. This produces a gas spray with a large exchange surface.
HEVs are particularly suited to the treatment of gases loaded with particles or small size droplets. They outperform Jet Venturis for fine particles (under 5µm).
A HEV is usually followed by a tangential inlet column in which the centrifugal movement allows efficient separation of the different components of the emulsion.
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